diff --git a/selfdrive/ui/layouts/home.py b/selfdrive/ui/layouts/home.py
index 55de9e82f1..a3d5a0d7e5 100644
--- a/selfdrive/ui/layouts/home.py
+++ b/selfdrive/ui/layouts/home.py
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ from openpilot.system.ui.lib.text_measure import measure_text_cached
 from openpilot.system.ui.lib.label import gui_label
 from openpilot.system.ui.lib.application import gui_app, FontWeight, DEFAULT_TEXT_COLOR
 
-
 HEADER_HEIGHT = 80
 HEAD_BUTTON_FONT_SIZE = 40
 CONTENT_MARGIN = 40
diff --git a/selfdrive/ui/layouts/settings/developer.py b/selfdrive/ui/layouts/settings/developer.py
index 6ab5be2792..0b40cbbb60 100644
--- a/selfdrive/ui/layouts/settings/developer.py
+++ b/selfdrive/ui/layouts/settings/developer.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-from openpilot.system.ui.lib.list_view import ListView,  toggle_item
+from openpilot.system.ui.lib.list_view import ListView, toggle_item
 from openpilot.common.params import Params
 
 # Description constants
diff --git a/selfdrive/ui/layouts/settings/software.py b/selfdrive/ui/layouts/settings/software.py
index e57e13c148..586b311424 100644
--- a/selfdrive/ui/layouts/settings/software.py
+++ b/selfdrive/ui/layouts/settings/software.py
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 from openpilot.system.ui.lib.list_view import ListView, button_item, text_item
 
+
 class SoftwareLayout:
   def __init__(self):
     items = [
diff --git a/selfdrive/ui/layouts/settings/toggles.py b/selfdrive/ui/layouts/settings/toggles.py
index d966baf9cd..e774c6f2f5 100644
--- a/selfdrive/ui/layouts/settings/toggles.py
+++ b/selfdrive/ui/layouts/settings/toggles.py
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ DESCRIPTIONS = {
   "DisengageOnAccelerator": "When enabled, pressing the accelerator pedal will disengage openpilot.",
   "IsLdwEnabled": (
     "Receive alerts to steer back into the lane when your vehicle drifts over a detected lane line " +
-     "without a turn signal activated while driving over 31 mph (50 km/h)."
+    "without a turn signal activated while driving over 31 mph (50 km/h)."
   ),
   "AlwaysOnDM": "Enable driver monitoring even when openpilot is not engaged.",
   'RecordFront': "Upload data from the driver facing camera and help improve the driver monitoring algorithm.",
diff --git a/selfdrive/ui/layouts/sidebar.py b/selfdrive/ui/layouts/sidebar.py
index 343efe5851..5f92f0eb20 100644
--- a/selfdrive/ui/layouts/sidebar.py
+++ b/selfdrive/ui/layouts/sidebar.py
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ HOME_BTN = rl.Rectangle(60, 860, 180, 180)
 ThermalStatus = log.DeviceState.ThermalStatus
 NetworkType = log.DeviceState.NetworkType
 
+
 # Color scheme
 class Colors:
   SIDEBAR_BG = rl.Color(57, 57, 57, 255)
@@ -35,6 +36,7 @@ class Colors:
   BUTTON_NORMAL = rl.Color(255, 255, 255, 255)
   BUTTON_PRESSED = rl.Color(255, 255, 255, 166)
 
+
 NETWORK_TYPES = {
   NetworkType.none: "Offline",
   NetworkType.wifi: "WiFi",
@@ -57,6 +59,7 @@ class MetricData:
     self.value = value
     self.color = color
 
+
 class Sidebar:
   def __init__(self):
     self._net_type = NETWORK_TYPES.get(NetworkType.none)
@@ -72,7 +75,7 @@ class Sidebar:
     self._font_regular = gui_app.font(FontWeight.NORMAL)
     self._font_bold = gui_app.font(FontWeight.SEMI_BOLD)
 
-     # Callbacks
+    # Callbacks
     self._on_settings_click: Callable | None = None
     self._on_flag_click: Callable | None = None
 
@@ -150,7 +153,6 @@ class Sidebar:
     mouse_pos = rl.get_mouse_position()
     mouse_down = rl.is_mouse_button_down(rl.MouseButton.MOUSE_BUTTON_LEFT)
 
-
     # Settings button
     settings_down = mouse_down and rl.check_collision_point_rec(mouse_pos, SETTINGS_BTN)
     tint = Colors.BUTTON_PRESSED if settings_down else Colors.BUTTON_NORMAL
diff --git a/selfdrive/ui/onroad/alert_renderer.py b/selfdrive/ui/onroad/alert_renderer.py
index 7b0128271e..64a5f0d1a1 100644
--- a/selfdrive/ui/onroad/alert_renderer.py
+++ b/selfdrive/ui/onroad/alert_renderer.py
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ from openpilot.system.ui.lib.label import gui_text_box
 from openpilot.system.ui.lib.text_measure import measure_text_cached
 from openpilot.selfdrive.ui.ui_state import ui_state
 
-
 ALERT_MARGIN = 40
 ALERT_PADDING = 60
 ALERT_LINE_SPACING = 45
@@ -21,7 +20,6 @@ ALERT_FONT_BIG = 88
 SELFDRIVE_STATE_TIMEOUT = 5  # Seconds
 SELFDRIVE_UNRESPONSIVE_TIMEOUT = 10  # Seconds
 
-
 # Constants
 ALERT_COLORS = {
   log.SelfdriveState.AlertStatus.normal: rl.Color(0, 0, 0, 235),  # Black
@@ -114,7 +112,7 @@ class AlertRenderer:
       return rect
 
     height = (ALERT_FONT_MEDIUM + 2 * ALERT_PADDING if size == log.SelfdriveState.AlertSize.small else
-             ALERT_FONT_BIG + ALERT_LINE_SPACING + ALERT_FONT_SMALL + 2 * ALERT_PADDING)
+              ALERT_FONT_BIG + ALERT_LINE_SPACING + ALERT_FONT_SMALL + 2 * ALERT_PADDING)
 
     return rl.Rectangle(
       rect.x + ALERT_MARGIN,
diff --git a/selfdrive/ui/onroad/augmented_road_view.py b/selfdrive/ui/onroad/augmented_road_view.py
index 47769f268e..131ba3dd79 100644
--- a/selfdrive/ui/onroad/augmented_road_view.py
+++ b/selfdrive/ui/onroad/augmented_road_view.py
@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@ from openpilot.system.ui.lib.application import gui_app
 from openpilot.common.transformations.camera import DEVICE_CAMERAS, DeviceCameraConfig, view_frame_from_device_frame
 from openpilot.common.transformations.orientation import rot_from_euler
 
-
 OpState = log.SelfdriveState.OpenpilotState
 CALIBRATED = log.LiveCalibrationData.Status.calibrated
 ROAD_CAM = VisionStreamType.VISION_STREAM_ROAD
@@ -170,9 +169,9 @@ class AugmentedRoadView(CameraView):
     ])
 
     video_transform = np.array([
-        [zoom, 0.0, (w / 2 + x - x_offset) - (cx * zoom)],
-        [0.0, zoom, (h / 2 + y - y_offset) - (cy * zoom)],
-        [0.0, 0.0, 1.0]
+      [zoom, 0.0, (w / 2 + x - x_offset) - (cx * zoom)],
+      [0.0, zoom, (h / 2 + y - y_offset) - (cy * zoom)],
+      [0.0, 0.0, 1.0]
     ])
     self.model_renderer.set_transform(video_transform @ calib_transform)
 
diff --git a/selfdrive/ui/onroad/cameraview.py b/selfdrive/ui/onroad/cameraview.py
index 9f58133abf..753c5f5556 100644
--- a/selfdrive/ui/onroad/cameraview.py
+++ b/selfdrive/ui/onroad/cameraview.py
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ from openpilot.common.swaglog import cloudlog
 from openpilot.system.ui.lib.application import gui_app
 from openpilot.system.ui.lib.egl import init_egl, create_egl_image, destroy_egl_image, bind_egl_image_to_texture, EGLImage
 
-
 CONNECTION_RETRY_INTERVAL = 0.2  # seconds between connection attempts
 
 VERTEX_SHADER = """
@@ -55,6 +54,7 @@ else:
     }
     """
 
+
 class CameraView:
   def __init__(self, name: str, stream_type: VisionStreamType):
     self._name = name
@@ -68,7 +68,6 @@ class CameraView:
     self._target_stream_type: VisionStreamType | None = None
     self._switching: bool = False
 
-
     self._texture_needs_update = True
     self.last_connection_attempt: float = 0.0
     self.shader = rl.load_shader_from_memory(VERTEX_SHADER, FRAME_FRAGMENT_SHADER)
@@ -82,7 +81,7 @@ class CameraView:
     self.egl_images: dict[int, EGLImage] = {}
     self.egl_texture: rl.Texture | None = None
 
-    self._placeholder_color : rl.Color | None = None
+    self._placeholder_color: rl.Color | None = None
 
     # Initialize EGL for zero-copy rendering on TICI
     if TICI:
@@ -145,9 +144,9 @@ class CameraView:
     zy = min(widget_aspect_ratio / frame_aspect_ratio, 1.0)
 
     return np.array([
-        [zx, 0.0, 0.0],
-        [0.0, zy, 0.0],
-        [0.0, 0.0, 1.0]
+      [zx, 0.0, 0.0],
+      [0.0, zy, 0.0],
+      [0.0, 0.0, 1.0]
     ])
 
   def render(self, rect: rl.Rectangle):
@@ -230,7 +229,7 @@ class CameraView:
     # Update textures with new frame data
     if self._texture_needs_update:
       y_data = self.frame.data[: self.frame.uv_offset]
-      uv_data = self.frame.data[self.frame.uv_offset :]
+      uv_data = self.frame.data[self.frame.uv_offset:]
 
       rl.update_texture(self.texture_y, rl.ffi.cast("void *", y_data.ctypes.data))
       rl.update_texture(self.texture_uv, rl.ffi.cast("void *", uv_data.ctypes.data))
@@ -265,7 +264,7 @@ class CameraView:
   def _handle_switch(self) -> None:
     """Check if target stream is ready and switch immediately."""
     if not self._target_client or not self._switching:
-        return
+      return
 
     # Try to connect target if needed
     if not self._target_client.is_connected():
@@ -277,28 +276,28 @@ class CameraView:
     # Check if target has frames ready
     target_frame = self._target_client.recv(timeout_ms=0)
     if target_frame:
-      self.frame = target_frame # Update current frame to target frame
+      self.frame = target_frame  # Update current frame to target frame
       self._complete_switch()
 
   def _complete_switch(self) -> None:
-      """Instantly switch to target stream."""
-      cloudlog.debug(f"Switching to {self._target_stream_type}")
-      # Clean up current resources
-      if self.client:
-        del self.client
-
-      # Switch to target
-      self.client = self._target_client
-      self._stream_type = self._target_stream_type
-      self._texture_needs_update = True
+    """Instantly switch to target stream."""
+    cloudlog.debug(f"Switching to {self._target_stream_type}")
+    # Clean up current resources
+    if self.client:
+      del self.client
+
+    # Switch to target
+    self.client = self._target_client
+    self._stream_type = self._target_stream_type
+    self._texture_needs_update = True
 
-      # Reset state
-      self._target_client = None
-      self._target_stream_type = None
-      self._switching = False
+    # Reset state
+    self._target_client = None
+    self._target_stream_type = None
+    self._switching = False
 
-      # Initialize textures for new stream
-      self._initialize_textures()
+    # Initialize textures for new stream
+    self._initialize_textures()
 
   def _initialize_textures(self):
       self._clear_textures()
diff --git a/selfdrive/ui/onroad/driver_state.py b/selfdrive/ui/onroad/driver_state.py
index 8e950f514e..ce0a4b748c 100644
--- a/selfdrive/ui/onroad/driver_state.py
+++ b/selfdrive/ui/onroad/driver_state.py
@@ -4,18 +4,17 @@ from dataclasses import dataclass
 from openpilot.selfdrive.ui.ui_state import ui_state, UI_BORDER_SIZE
 from openpilot.system.ui.lib.application import gui_app
 
-
 # Default 3D coordinates for face keypoints as a NumPy array
 DEFAULT_FACE_KPTS_3D = np.array([
-    [-5.98, -51.20, 8.00], [-17.64, -49.14, 8.00], [-23.81, -46.40, 8.00], [-29.98, -40.91, 8.00],
-    [-32.04, -37.49, 8.00], [-34.10, -32.00, 8.00], [-36.16, -21.03, 8.00], [-36.16, 6.40, 8.00],
-    [-35.47, 10.51, 8.00], [-32.73, 19.43, 8.00], [-29.30, 26.29, 8.00], [-24.50, 33.83, 8.00],
-    [-19.01, 41.37, 8.00], [-14.21, 46.17, 8.00], [-12.16, 47.54, 8.00], [-4.61, 49.60, 8.00],
-    [4.99, 49.60, 8.00], [12.53, 47.54, 8.00], [14.59, 46.17, 8.00], [19.39, 41.37, 8.00],
-    [24.87, 33.83, 8.00], [29.67, 26.29, 8.00], [33.10, 19.43, 8.00], [35.84, 10.51, 8.00],
-    [36.53, 6.40, 8.00], [36.53, -21.03, 8.00], [34.47, -32.00, 8.00], [32.42, -37.49, 8.00],
-    [30.36, -40.91, 8.00], [24.19, -46.40, 8.00], [18.02, -49.14, 8.00], [6.36, -51.20, 8.00],
-    [-5.98, -51.20, 8.00],
+  [-5.98, -51.20, 8.00], [-17.64, -49.14, 8.00], [-23.81, -46.40, 8.00], [-29.98, -40.91, 8.00],
+  [-32.04, -37.49, 8.00], [-34.10, -32.00, 8.00], [-36.16, -21.03, 8.00], [-36.16, 6.40, 8.00],
+  [-35.47, 10.51, 8.00], [-32.73, 19.43, 8.00], [-29.30, 26.29, 8.00], [-24.50, 33.83, 8.00],
+  [-19.01, 41.37, 8.00], [-14.21, 46.17, 8.00], [-12.16, 47.54, 8.00], [-4.61, 49.60, 8.00],
+  [4.99, 49.60, 8.00], [12.53, 47.54, 8.00], [14.59, 46.17, 8.00], [19.39, 41.37, 8.00],
+  [24.87, 33.83, 8.00], [29.67, 26.29, 8.00], [33.10, 19.43, 8.00], [35.84, 10.51, 8.00],
+  [36.53, 6.40, 8.00], [36.53, -21.03, 8.00], [34.47, -32.00, 8.00], [32.42, -37.49, 8.00],
+  [30.36, -40.91, 8.00], [24.19, -46.40, 8.00], [18.02, -49.14, 8.00], [6.36, -51.20, 8.00],
+  [-5.98, -51.20, 8.00],
 ], dtype=np.float32)
 
 # UI constants
@@ -31,6 +30,7 @@ SCALES_NEG = np.array([0.7, 0.4, 0.4], dtype=np.float32)
 ARC_POINT_COUNT = 37  # Number of points in the arc
 ARC_ANGLES = np.linspace(0.0, np.pi, ARC_POINT_COUNT, dtype=np.float32)
 
+
 @dataclass
 class ArcData:
   """Data structure for arc rendering parameters."""
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ class ArcData:
   height: float
   thickness: float
 
+
 class DriverStateRenderer:
   def __init__(self):
     # Initial state with NumPy arrays
@@ -113,9 +114,9 @@ class DriverStateRenderer:
 
   def _update_state(self, sm, rect):
     """Update the driver monitoring state based on model data"""
-    if  not sm.updated["driverMonitoringState"]:
-      if self.state_updated and (rect.x != self.last_rect.x or rect.y != self.last_rect.y or \
-         rect.width != self.last_rect.width or rect.height != self.last_rect.height):
+    if not sm.updated["driverMonitoringState"]:
+      if self.state_updated and (rect.x != self.last_rect.x or rect.y != self.last_rect.y or
+                                 rect.width != self.last_rect.width or rect.height != self.last_rect.height):
         self._pre_calculate_drawing_elements(rect)
       return
 
@@ -189,15 +190,15 @@ class DriverStateRenderer:
     # Horizontal arc
     h_width = abs(delta_x)
     self.h_arc_data = self._calculate_arc_data(
-        delta_x, h_width, self.position_x, self.position_y - ARC_LENGTH / 2,
-        self.driver_pose_sins[1], self.driver_pose_diff[1], is_horizontal=True
+      delta_x, h_width, self.position_x, self.position_y - ARC_LENGTH / 2,
+      self.driver_pose_sins[1], self.driver_pose_diff[1], is_horizontal=True
     )
 
     # Vertical arc
     v_height = abs(delta_y)
     self.v_arc_data = self._calculate_arc_data(
-        delta_y, v_height, self.position_x - ARC_LENGTH / 2, self.position_y,
-        self.driver_pose_sins[0], self.driver_pose_diff[0], is_horizontal=False
+      delta_y, v_height, self.position_x - ARC_LENGTH / 2, self.position_y,
+      self.driver_pose_sins[0], self.driver_pose_diff[0], is_horizontal=False
     )
 
   def _calculate_arc_data(
diff --git a/selfdrive/ui/onroad/model_renderer.py b/selfdrive/ui/onroad/model_renderer.py
index ad037f8af3..ab439312cb 100644
--- a/selfdrive/ui/onroad/model_renderer.py
+++ b/selfdrive/ui/onroad/model_renderer.py
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ from openpilot.system.ui.lib.application import DEFAULT_FPS
 from openpilot.system.ui.lib.shader_polygon import draw_polygon
 from openpilot.selfdrive.locationd.calibrationd import HEIGHT_INIT
 
-
 CLIP_MARGIN = 500
 MIN_DRAW_DISTANCE = 10.0
 MAX_DRAW_DISTANCE = 100.0
@@ -36,6 +35,7 @@ class ModelPoints:
   raw_points: np.ndarray = field(default_factory=lambda: np.empty((0, 3), dtype=np.float32))
   projected_points: np.ndarray = field(default_factory=lambda: np.empty((0, 2), dtype=np.float32))
 
+
 @dataclass
 class LeadVehicle:
   glow: list[float] = field(default_factory=list)
@@ -127,7 +127,6 @@ class ModelRenderer:
         self._update_leads(radar_state, path_x_array)
       self._transform_dirty = False
 
-
     # Draw elements
     self._draw_lane_lines()
     self._draw_path(sm)
@@ -256,7 +255,7 @@ class ModelRenderer:
     glow = [(x + (sz * 1.35) + g_xo, y + sz + g_yo), (x, y - g_yo), (x - (sz * 1.35) - g_xo, y + sz + g_yo)]
     chevron = [(x + (sz * 1.25), y + sz), (x, y), (x - (sz * 1.25), y + sz)]
 
-    return LeadVehicle(glow=glow,chevron=chevron, fill_alpha=int(fill_alpha))
+    return LeadVehicle(glow=glow, chevron=chevron, fill_alpha=int(fill_alpha))
 
   def _draw_lane_lines(self):
     """Draw lane lines and road edges"""
@@ -417,10 +416,10 @@ class ModelRenderer:
   def _hsla_to_color(h, s, l, a):
     rgb = colorsys.hls_to_rgb(h, l, s)
     return rl.Color(
-        int(rgb[0] * 255),
-        int(rgb[1] * 255),
-        int(rgb[2] * 255),
-        int(a * 255)
+      int(rgb[0] * 255),
+      int(rgb[1] * 255),
+      int(rgb[2] * 255),
+      int(a * 255)
     )
 
   @staticmethod
diff --git a/selfdrive/ui/ui.py b/selfdrive/ui/ui.py
index e77e053cb7..b37fe62cbb 100755
--- a/selfdrive/ui/ui.py
+++ b/selfdrive/ui/ui.py
@@ -6,14 +6,13 @@ from openpilot.selfdrive.ui.layouts.main import MainLayout
 from openpilot.selfdrive.ui.ui_state import ui_state
 
 
-
 def main():
   gui_app.init_window("UI")
   main_layout = MainLayout()
   for _ in gui_app.render():
     ui_state.update()
 
-    #TODO handle brigntness and awake state here
+    # TODO handle brigntness and awake state here
 
     main_layout.render(rl.Rectangle(0, 0, gui_app.width, gui_app.height))
 
diff --git a/selfdrive/ui/ui_state.py b/selfdrive/ui/ui_state.py
index d9a8c40597..b789ab4a8d 100644
--- a/selfdrive/ui/ui_state.py
+++ b/selfdrive/ui/ui_state.py
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ from enum import Enum
 from cereal import messaging, log
 from openpilot.common.params import Params, UnknownKeyName
 
-
 UI_BORDER_SIZE = 30
 
 
diff --git a/selfdrive/ui/widgets/offroad_alerts.py b/selfdrive/ui/widgets/offroad_alerts.py
index df88dc8554..630c934090 100644
--- a/selfdrive/ui/widgets/offroad_alerts.py
+++ b/selfdrive/ui/widgets/offroad_alerts.py
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ from openpilot.system.ui.lib.wrap_text import wrap_text
 from openpilot.system.ui.lib.text_measure import measure_text_cached
 from openpilot.system.ui.lib.application import gui_app, FontWeight
 
+
 class AlertColors:
   HIGH_SEVERITY = rl.Color(226, 44, 44, 255)
   LOW_SEVERITY = rl.Color(41, 41, 41, 255)
diff --git a/system/ui/lib/application.py b/system/ui/lib/application.py
index 0dd6a6157a..930c7c6d1e 100644
--- a/system/ui/lib/application.py
+++ b/system/ui/lib/application.py
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ class ModalOverlay:
   overlay: object = None
   callback: Callable | None = None
 
+
 class GuiApplication:
   def __init__(self, width: int, height: int):
     self._fonts: dict[FontWeight, rl.Font] = {}
@@ -59,7 +60,6 @@ class GuiApplication:
     self._trace_log_callback = None
     self._modal_overlay = ModalOverlay()
 
-
   def request_close(self):
     self._window_close_requested = True
 
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ class GuiApplication:
           elif callable(self._modal_overlay.overlay):
             result = self._modal_overlay.overlay()
           else:
-            assert(0)
+            raise Exception
 
           if result >= 0 and self._modal_overlay.callback is not None:
             # Execute callback with the result and clear the overlay
diff --git a/system/ui/lib/button.py b/system/ui/lib/button.py
index 024e360448..123bb7b2de 100644
--- a/system/ui/lib/button.py
+++ b/system/ui/lib/button.py
@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@ BUTTON_DISABLED_TEXT_COLOR = rl.Color(228, 228, 228, 51)
 ACTION_BUTTON_FONT_SIZE = 48
 ACTION_BUTTON_TEXT_COLOR = rl.Color(0, 0, 0, 255)
 
-
 BUTTON_BACKGROUND_COLORS = {
   ButtonStyle.NORMAL: rl.Color(51, 51, 51, 255),
   ButtonStyle.PRIMARY: rl.Color(70, 91, 234, 255),
diff --git a/system/ui/lib/egl.py b/system/ui/lib/egl.py
index d43be482b3..d119a8a832 100644
--- a/system/ui/lib/egl.py
+++ b/system/ui/lib/egl.py
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ from dataclasses import dataclass
 from typing import Any
 from openpilot.common.swaglog import cloudlog
 
-
 # EGL constants
 EGL_LINUX_DMA_BUF_EXT = 0x3270
 EGL_WIDTH = 0x3057
@@ -23,6 +22,7 @@ GL_TEXTURE_EXTERNAL_OES = 0x8D65
 # DRM Format for NV12
 DRM_FORMAT_NV12 = 842094158
 
+
 @dataclass
 class EGLImage:
   """Container for EGL image and associated resources"""
diff --git a/system/ui/lib/inputbox.py b/system/ui/lib/inputbox.py
index ae036c03c2..b53b22dd9e 100644
--- a/system/ui/lib/inputbox.py
+++ b/system/ui/lib/inputbox.py
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ import time
 from openpilot.system.ui.lib.application import gui_app
 from openpilot.system.ui.lib.text_measure import measure_text_cached
 
-
 PASSWORD_MASK_CHAR = "•"
 PASSWORD_MASK_DELAY = 1.5  # Seconds to show character before masking
 
@@ -23,7 +22,7 @@ class InputBox:
     self._text_offset = 0
     self._visible_width = 0
     self._last_char_time = 0  # Track when last character was added
-    self._masked_length = 0   # How many characters are currently masked
+    self._masked_length = 0  # How many characters are currently masked
 
   @property
   def text(self):
@@ -76,7 +75,7 @@ class InputBox:
   def add_char_at_cursor(self, char):
     """Add a character at the current cursor position."""
     if len(self._input_text) < self._max_text_size:
-      self._input_text = self._input_text[: self._cursor_position] + char + self._input_text[self._cursor_position :]
+      self._input_text = self._input_text[: self._cursor_position] + char + self._input_text[self._cursor_position:]
       self.set_cursor_position(self._cursor_position + 1)
 
       if self._password_mode:
@@ -88,7 +87,7 @@ class InputBox:
   def delete_char_before_cursor(self):
     """Delete the character before the cursor position (backspace)."""
     if self._cursor_position > 0:
-      self._input_text = self._input_text[: self._cursor_position - 1] + self._input_text[self._cursor_position :]
+      self._input_text = self._input_text[: self._cursor_position - 1] + self._input_text[self._cursor_position:]
       self.set_cursor_position(self._cursor_position - 1)
       return True
     return False
@@ -96,7 +95,7 @@ class InputBox:
   def delete_char_at_cursor(self):
     """Delete the character at the cursor position (delete)."""
     if self._cursor_position < len(self._input_text):
-      self._input_text = self._input_text[: self._cursor_position] + self._input_text[self._cursor_position + 1 :]
+      self._input_text = self._input_text[: self._cursor_position] + self._input_text[self._cursor_position + 1:]
       self.set_cursor_position(self._cursor_position)
       return True
     return False
@@ -164,7 +163,7 @@ class InputBox:
     if recent_edit and self._input_text:
       last_pos = max(0, self._cursor_position - 1)
       if last_pos < len(self._input_text):
-        return masked_text[:last_pos] + self._input_text[last_pos] + masked_text[last_pos + 1 :]
+        return masked_text[:last_pos] + self._input_text[last_pos] + masked_text[last_pos + 1:]
 
     return masked_text
 
diff --git a/system/ui/lib/label.py b/system/ui/lib/label.py
index 82533660de..c3d0e0303a 100644
--- a/system/ui/lib/label.py
+++ b/system/ui/lib/label.py
@@ -76,4 +76,3 @@ def gui_text_box(
 
   if font_weight != FontWeight.NORMAL:
     rl.gui_set_font(gui_app.font(FontWeight.NORMAL))
-
diff --git a/system/ui/lib/list_view.py b/system/ui/lib/list_view.py
index 9ca2363bc7..221f4983a0 100644
--- a/system/ui/lib/list_view.py
+++ b/system/ui/lib/list_view.py
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ from openpilot.system.ui.lib.button import gui_button
 from openpilot.system.ui.lib.toggle import Toggle
 from openpilot.system.ui.lib.toggle import WIDTH as TOGGLE_WIDTH, HEIGHT as TOGGLE_HEIGHT
 
-
 LINE_PADDING = 40
 LINE_COLOR = rl.GRAY
 ITEM_PADDING = 20
diff --git a/system/ui/lib/shader_polygon.py b/system/ui/lib/shader_polygon.py
index 94190abc36..a618954660 100644
--- a/system/ui/lib/shader_polygon.py
+++ b/system/ui/lib/shader_polygon.py
@@ -124,7 +124,6 @@ void main() {
 }
 """
 
-
 UNIFORM_INT = rl.ShaderUniformDataType.SHADER_UNIFORM_INT
 UNIFORM_FLOAT = rl.ShaderUniformDataType.SHADER_UNIFORM_FLOAT
 UNIFORM_VEC2 = rl.ShaderUniformDataType.SHADER_UNIFORM_VEC2
@@ -244,6 +243,7 @@ def _configure_shader_color(state, color, gradient, clipped_rect, original_rect)
     state.fill_color_ptr[0:4] = [color.r / 255.0, color.g / 255.0, color.b / 255.0, color.a / 255.0]
     rl.set_shader_value(state.shader, state.locations['fillColor'], state.fill_color_ptr, UNIFORM_VEC4)
 
+
 def draw_polygon(origin_rect: rl.Rectangle, points: np.ndarray, color=None, gradient=None):
   """
   Draw a complex polygon using shader-based even-odd fill rule
diff --git a/system/ui/lib/wifi_manager.py b/system/ui/lib/wifi_manager.py
index d8a8144fb0..dd08b66373 100644
--- a/system/ui/lib/wifi_manager.py
+++ b/system/ui/lib/wifi_manager.py
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ from dbus_next.aio import MessageBus
 from dbus_next import BusType, Variant, Message
 from dbus_next.errors import DBusError
 from dbus_next.constants import MessageType
+
 try:
   from openpilot.common.params import Params
 except ImportError:
@@ -38,6 +39,7 @@ NM_DEVICE_STATE_REASON_SUPPLICANT_DISCONNECT = 8
 TETHERING_IP_ADDRESS = "192.168.43.1"
 DEFAULT_TETHERING_PASSWORD = "12345678"
 
+
 # NetworkManager device states
 class NMDeviceState(IntEnum):
   DISCONNECTED = 30
@@ -46,6 +48,7 @@ class NMDeviceState(IntEnum):
   IP_CONFIG = 70
   ACTIVATED = 100
 
+
 class SecurityType(IntEnum):
   OPEN = 0
   WPA = 1
@@ -53,6 +56,7 @@ class SecurityType(IntEnum):
   WPA3 = 3
   UNSUPPORTED = 4
 
+
 @dataclass
 class NetworkInfo:
   ssid: str
@@ -227,7 +231,7 @@ class WifiManager:
     except Exception as e:
       self._current_connection_ssid = None
       cloudlog.error(f"Error connecting to network: {e}")
-       # Notify UI of failure
+      # Notify UI of failure
       if self.callbacks.connection_failed:
         self.callbacks.connection_failed(ssid, str(e))
 
diff --git a/system/ui/lib/wrap_text.py b/system/ui/lib/wrap_text.py
index fdfb1970aa..98f0693fc5 100644
--- a/system/ui/lib/wrap_text.py
+++ b/system/ui/lib/wrap_text.py
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import pyray as rl
 from openpilot.system.ui.lib.text_measure import measure_text_cached
 
+
 def _break_long_word(font: rl.Font, word: str, font_size: int, max_width: int) -> list[str]:
   if not word:
     return []
diff --git a/system/ui/reset.py b/system/ui/reset.py
index 20b689934b..6d2a0f9974 100755
--- a/system/ui/reset.py
+++ b/system/ui/reset.py
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ class Reset:
 
       if self.reset_state != ResetState.FAILED:
         if gui_button(rl.Rectangle(rect.x + button_width + 50, button_top, button_width, button_height),
-                       "Confirm", button_style=ButtonStyle.PRIMARY):
+                      "Confirm", button_style=ButtonStyle.PRIMARY):
           self.confirm()
 
     return True
diff --git a/system/ui/spinner.py b/system/ui/spinner.py
index 0dc201c62f..5408592151 100755
--- a/system/ui/spinner.py
+++ b/system/ui/spinner.py
@@ -101,5 +101,6 @@ def main():
 
     spinner.render()
 
+
 if __name__ == "__main__":
   main()
diff --git a/system/ui/text.py b/system/ui/text.py
index 0c1f7c8c4d..2a99c56a01 100755
--- a/system/ui/text.py
+++ b/system/ui/text.py
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ BUTTON_SIZE = rl.Vector2(310, 160)
 DEMO_TEXT = """This is a sample text that will be wrapped and scrolled if necessary.
             The text is long enough to demonstrate scrolling and word wrapping.""" * 30
 
+
 def wrap_text(text, font_size, max_width):
   lines = []
   font = gui_app.font()
@@ -72,6 +73,7 @@ class TextWindow:
         HARDWARE.reboot()
     return ret
 
+
 if __name__ == "__main__":
   text = sys.argv[1] if len(sys.argv) > 1 else DEMO_TEXT
   gui_app.init_window("Text Viewer")
diff --git a/system/ui/updater.py b/system/ui/updater.py
index b49d9a4d3c..9eaedd9e99 100755
--- a/system/ui/updater.py
+++ b/system/ui/updater.py
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ from openpilot.system.ui.lib.label import gui_text_box, gui_label
 from openpilot.system.ui.lib.wifi_manager import WifiManagerWrapper
 from openpilot.system.ui.widgets.network import WifiManagerUI
 
-
 # Constants
 MARGIN = 50
 BUTTON_HEIGHT = 160
@@ -60,7 +59,7 @@ class Updater:
     # TODO: just import it and run in a thread without a subprocess
     cmd = [self.updater, "--swap", self.manifest]
     self.process = subprocess.Popen(cmd, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
-                                   text=True, bufsize=1, universal_newlines=True)
+                                    text=True, bufsize=1, universal_newlines=True)
 
     for line in self.process.stdout:
       parts = line.strip().split(":")
@@ -85,7 +84,7 @@ class Updater:
 
     # Description
     desc_text = ("An operating system update is required. Connect your device to Wi-Fi for the fastest update experience. " +
-                "The download size is approximately 1GB.")
+                 "The download size is approximately 1GB.")
 
     desc_rect = rl.Rectangle(MARGIN + 50, 250 + TITLE_FONT_SIZE + 75, gui_app.width - MARGIN * 2 - 100, BODY_FONT_SIZE * 3)
     gui_text_box(desc_rect, desc_text, BODY_FONT_SIZE)
diff --git a/system/ui/widgets/keyboard.py b/system/ui/widgets/keyboard.py
index 03ed81da2a..c8dfff3dfa 100644
--- a/system/ui/widgets/keyboard.py
+++ b/system/ui/widgets/keyboard.py
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ class Keyboard:
     # Backspace key repeat tracking
     self._backspace_pressed: bool = False
     self._backspace_press_time: float = 0.0
-    self._backspace_last_repeat:float = 0.0
+    self._backspace_last_repeat: float = 0.0
 
     self._eye_open_texture = gui_app.texture("icons/eye_open.png", 81, 54)
     self._eye_closed_texture = gui_app.texture("icons/eye_closed.png", 81, 54)
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ class Keyboard:
     self._input_box.clear()
     self._backspace_pressed = False
 
-  def set_title(self, title: str, sub_title: str=""):
+  def set_title(self, title: str, sub_title: str = ""):
     self._title = title
     self._sub_title = sub_title
 
diff --git a/system/ui/widgets/network.py b/system/ui/widgets/network.py
index 75794edddb..8f59631668 100644
--- a/system/ui/widgets/network.py
+++ b/system/ui/widgets/network.py
@@ -24,30 +24,36 @@ STRENGTH_ICONS = [
   "icons/wifi_strength_full.png",
 ]
 
+
 @dataclass
 class StateIdle:
   action: Literal["idle"] = "idle"
 
+
 @dataclass
 class StateConnecting:
   network: NetworkInfo
   action: Literal["connecting"] = "connecting"
 
+
 @dataclass
 class StateNeedsAuth:
   network: NetworkInfo
   action: Literal["needs_auth"] = "needs_auth"
 
+
 @dataclass
 class StateShowForgetConfirm:
   network: NetworkInfo
   action: Literal["show_forget_confirm"] = "show_forget_confirm"
 
+
 @dataclass
 class StateForgetting:
   network: NetworkInfo
   action: Literal["forgetting"] = "forgetting"
 
+
 UIState = StateIdle | StateConnecting | StateNeedsAuth | StateShowForgetConfirm | StateForgetting
 
 
@@ -64,11 +70,11 @@ class WifiManagerUI:
 
     self.wifi_manager.set_callbacks(
       WifiManagerCallbacks(
-        need_auth = self._on_need_auth,
-        activated = self._on_activated,
-        forgotten = self._on_forgotten,
-        networks_updated = self._on_network_updated,
-        connection_failed = self._on_connection_failed
+        need_auth=self._on_need_auth,
+        activated=self._on_activated,
+        forgotten=self._on_forgotten,
+        networks_updated=self._on_network_updated,
+        connection_failed=self._on_connection_failed
       )
     )
     self.wifi_manager.start()
@@ -148,7 +154,8 @@ class WifiManagerUI:
     else:
       # If the network is saved, show the "Forget" button
       if network.is_saved:
-        forget_btn_rect = rl.Rectangle(security_icon_rect.x - self.btn_width - spacing,
+        forget_btn_rect = rl.Rectangle(
+          security_icon_rect.x - self.btn_width - spacing,
           rect.y + (ITEM_HEIGHT - 80) / 2,
           self.btn_width,
           80,
@@ -225,7 +232,6 @@ class WifiManagerUI:
         self.state = StateIdle()
 
 
-
 def main():
   gui_app.init_window("Wi-Fi Manager")
   wifi_manager = WifiManagerWrapper()