diff --git a/selfdrive/car/tests/routes.py b/selfdrive/car/tests/routes.py
index f7ad219f63..1e37ddf945 100755
--- a/selfdrive/car/tests/routes.py
+++ b/selfdrive/car/tests/routes.py
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ non_tested_cars = [
   HONDA.ODYSSEY_CHN,
   VOLKSWAGEN.CRAFTER_MK2,  # need a route from an ACC-equipped Crafter
   TOYOTA.RAV4_TSS2_2023,
+  TOYOTA.RAV4H_TSS2_2023,
   SUBARU.FORESTER_HYBRID,
 ]
 
@@ -183,7 +184,6 @@ routes = [
   CarTestRoute("a5c341bb250ca2f0|2022-05-18--16-05-17", TOYOTA.RAV4_TSS2_2022),
   CarTestRoute("7e34a988419b5307|2019-12-18--19-13-30", TOYOTA.RAV4H_TSS2),
   CarTestRoute("2475fb3eb2ffcc2e|2022-04-29--12-46-23", TOYOTA.RAV4H_TSS2_2022),
-  CarTestRoute("49e041422a032273|2023-09-14--09-21-32", TOYOTA.RAV4H_TSS2_2023),
   CarTestRoute("7a31f030957b9c85|2023-04-01--14-12-51", TOYOTA.LEXUS_ES),
   CarTestRoute("e6a24be49a6cd46e|2019-10-29--10-52-42", TOYOTA.LEXUS_ES_TSS2),
   CarTestRoute("da23c367491f53e2|2021-05-21--09-09-11", TOYOTA.LEXUS_CTH, segment=3),
diff --git a/selfdrive/car/torque_data/override.yaml b/selfdrive/car/torque_data/override.yaml
index 61ed8a5a77..fc39cd76cb 100644
--- a/selfdrive/car/torque_data/override.yaml
+++ b/selfdrive/car/torque_data/override.yaml
@@ -12,6 +12,10 @@ SUBARU FORESTER 2022: [.nan, 3.0, .nan]
 SUBARU OUTBACK 7TH GEN: [.nan, 3.0, .nan]
 SUBARU ASCENT 2023: [.nan, 3.0, .nan]
 
+# Toyota LTA also has torque
+TOYOTA RAV4 2023: [.nan, 3.0, .nan]
+TOYOTA RAV4 HYBRID 2023: [.nan, 3.0, .nan]
+
 # Tesla has high torque
 TESLA AP1 MODEL S: [.nan, 2.5, .nan]
 TESLA AP2 MODEL S: [.nan, 2.5, .nan]
@@ -57,8 +61,6 @@ HYUNDAI KONA ELECTRIC 2ND GEN: [2.5, 2.5, 0.1]
 HYUNDAI IONIQ 6 2023: [2.5, 2.5, 0.1]
 HYUNDAI AZERA 6TH GEN: [1.8, 1.8, 0.1]
 KIA K8 HYBRID 1ST GEN: [2.5, 2.5, 0.1]
-TOYOTA RAV4 2023: [2.5, 2.5, 0.1]
-TOYOTA RAV4 HYBRID 2023: [2.5, 2.5, 0.1]
 
 # Dashcam or fallback configured as ideal car
 mock: [10.0, 10, 0.0]
diff --git a/selfdrive/car/toyota/interface.py b/selfdrive/car/toyota/interface.py
index d51026b547..d6f428ab1d 100644
--- a/selfdrive/car/toyota/interface.py
+++ b/selfdrive/car/toyota/interface.py
@@ -27,15 +27,7 @@ class CarInterface(CarInterfaceBase):
     if DBC[candidate]["pt"] == "toyota_new_mc_pt_generated":
       ret.safetyConfigs[0].safetyParam |= Panda.FLAG_TOYOTA_ALT_BRAKE
 
-    # Allow angle control cars with whitelisted EPSs to use torque control (made in Japan)
-    # So far only hybrid RAV4 2023 has been seen with this FW version
-    angle_car_torque_fw = any(fw.ecu == "eps" and fw.fwVersion == b'8965B42371\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00' for fw in car_fw)
-    if candidate not in ANGLE_CONTROL_CAR or (angle_car_torque_fw and candidate == CAR.RAV4H_TSS2_2023):
-      CarInterfaceBase.configure_torque_tune(candidate, ret.lateralTuning)
-
-      ret.steerActuatorDelay = 0.12  # Default delay, Prius has larger delay
-      ret.steerLimitTimer = 0.4
-    else:
+    if candidate in ANGLE_CONTROL_CAR:
       ret.dashcamOnly = True
       ret.steerControlType = SteerControlType.angle
       ret.safetyConfigs[0].safetyParam |= Panda.FLAG_TOYOTA_LTA
@@ -43,6 +35,11 @@ class CarInterface(CarInterfaceBase):
       # LTA control can be more delayed and winds up more often
       ret.steerActuatorDelay = 0.25
       ret.steerLimitTimer = 0.8
+    else:
+      CarInterfaceBase.configure_torque_tune(candidate, ret.lateralTuning)
+
+      ret.steerActuatorDelay = 0.12  # Default delay, Prius has larger delay
+      ret.steerLimitTimer = 0.4
 
     ret.stoppingControl = False  # Toyota starts braking more when it thinks you want to stop
 
@@ -124,25 +121,21 @@ class CarInterface(CarInterfaceBase):
       ret.steerRatio = 14.3
       ret.tireStiffnessFactor = 0.7933
       ret.mass = 3585. * CV.LB_TO_KG  # Average between ICE and Hybrid
-
-      # Only specific EPS FW accept torque on 2023 RAV4, so they likely are all the same
-      # TODO: revisit this disparity if there is a divide for 2023
-      if candidate not in (CAR.RAV4_TSS2_2023, CAR.RAV4H_TSS2_2023):
-        ret.lateralTuning.init('pid')
-        ret.lateralTuning.pid.kiBP = [0.0]
-        ret.lateralTuning.pid.kpBP = [0.0]
-        ret.lateralTuning.pid.kpV = [0.6]
-        ret.lateralTuning.pid.kiV = [0.1]
-        ret.lateralTuning.pid.kf = 0.00007818594
-
-        # 2019+ RAV4 TSS2 uses two different steering racks and specific tuning seems to be necessary.
-        # See https://github.com/commaai/openpilot/pull/21429#issuecomment-873652891
-        for fw in car_fw:
-          if fw.ecu == "eps" and (fw.fwVersion.startswith(b'\x02') or fw.fwVersion in [b'8965B42181\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00']):
-            ret.lateralTuning.pid.kpV = [0.15]
-            ret.lateralTuning.pid.kiV = [0.05]
-            ret.lateralTuning.pid.kf = 0.00004
-            break
+      ret.lateralTuning.init('pid')
+      ret.lateralTuning.pid.kiBP = [0.0]
+      ret.lateralTuning.pid.kpBP = [0.0]
+      ret.lateralTuning.pid.kpV = [0.6]
+      ret.lateralTuning.pid.kiV = [0.1]
+      ret.lateralTuning.pid.kf = 0.00007818594
+
+      # 2019+ RAV4 TSS2 uses two different steering racks and specific tuning seems to be necessary.
+      # See https://github.com/commaai/openpilot/pull/21429#issuecomment-873652891
+      for fw in car_fw:
+        if fw.ecu == "eps" and (fw.fwVersion.startswith(b'\x02') or fw.fwVersion in [b'8965B42181\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00']):
+          ret.lateralTuning.pid.kpV = [0.15]
+          ret.lateralTuning.pid.kiV = [0.05]
+          ret.lateralTuning.pid.kf = 0.00004
+          break
 
     elif candidate in (CAR.COROLLA_TSS2, CAR.COROLLAH_TSS2):
       ret.wheelbase = 2.67  # Average between 2.70 for sedan and 2.64 for hatchback
diff --git a/selfdrive/car/toyota/values.py b/selfdrive/car/toyota/values.py
index fd0a54b349..bb9672fb0e 100644
--- a/selfdrive/car/toyota/values.py
+++ b/selfdrive/car/toyota/values.py
@@ -2389,8 +2389,7 @@ UNSUPPORTED_DSU_CAR = {CAR.LEXUS_IS, CAR.LEXUS_RC}
 # these cars have a radar which sends ACC messages instead of the camera
 RADAR_ACC_CAR = {CAR.RAV4H_TSS2_2022, CAR.RAV4_TSS2_2022, CAR.RAV4H_TSS2_2023, CAR.RAV4_TSS2_2023, CAR.CHR_TSS2, CAR.CHRH_TSS2}
 
-# these cars manufactured in U.S., Canada have EPSs that reject Lane Keep Assist (LKA, torque) messages and require
-# Lane Tracing Assist (LTA, angle) to steer properly. cars manufactured in Japan still work with the older LKA messages which is detected
+# these cars use the Lane Tracing Assist (LTA) message for lateral control
 ANGLE_CONTROL_CAR = {CAR.RAV4H_TSS2_2023, CAR.RAV4_TSS2_2023}
 
 EV_HYBRID_CAR = {CAR.AVALONH_2019, CAR.AVALONH_TSS2, CAR.CAMRYH, CAR.CAMRYH_TSS2, CAR.CHRH, CAR.CHRH_TSS2, CAR.COROLLAH_TSS2,