#!/usr/bin/env python3
import os
import json
import numpy as np
import capnp

import cereal.messaging as messaging
from cereal import car, log
from openpilot.common.params import Params
from openpilot.common.realtime import config_realtime_process, DT_MDL
from openpilot.selfdrive.locationd.models.car_kf import CarKalman, ObservationKind, States
from openpilot.selfdrive.locationd.models.constants import GENERATED_DIR
from openpilot.selfdrive.locationd.helpers import PoseCalibrator, Pose
from openpilot.common.swaglog import cloudlog

MAX_ANGLE_OFFSET_DELTA = 20 * DT_MDL  # Max 20 deg/s
ROLL_MAX_DELTA = np.radians(20.0) * DT_MDL  # 20deg in 1 second is well within curvature limits
ROLL_MIN, ROLL_MAX = np.radians(-10), np.radians(10)
ROLL_LOWERED_MAX = np.radians(8)
ROLL_STD_MAX = np.radians(1.5)
LATERAL_ACC_SENSOR_THRESHOLD = 4.0
OFFSET_MAX = 10.0
OFFSET_LOWERED_MAX = 8.0
MIN_ACTIVE_SPEED = 1.0
LOW_ACTIVE_SPEED = 10.0


class VehicleParamsLearner:
  def __init__(self, CP: car.CarParams, steer_ratio: float, stiffness_factor: float, angle_offset: float, P_initial: np.ndarray | None = None):
    self.kf = CarKalman(GENERATED_DIR)

    self.x_initial = CarKalman.initial_x.copy()
    self.x_initial[States.STEER_RATIO] = steer_ratio
    self.x_initial[States.STIFFNESS] = stiffness_factor
    self.x_initial[States.ANGLE_OFFSET] = angle_offset
    self.P_initial = P_initial if P_initial is not None else CarKalman.P_initial

    self.kf.set_globals(
      mass=CP.mass,
      rotational_inertia=CP.rotationalInertia,
      center_to_front=CP.centerToFront,
      center_to_rear=CP.wheelbase - CP.centerToFront,
      stiffness_front=CP.tireStiffnessFront,
      stiffness_rear=CP.tireStiffnessRear
    )

    self.min_sr, self.max_sr = 0.5 * CP.steerRatio, 2.0 * CP.steerRatio

    self.calibrator = PoseCalibrator()

    self.observed_speed = 0.0
    self.observed_yaw_rate = 0.0
    self.observed_roll = 0.0

    self.avg_offset_valid = True
    self.total_offset_valid = True
    self.roll_valid = True

    self.reset(None)

  def reset(self, t: float | None):
    self.kf.init_state(self.x_initial, covs=self.P_initial, filter_time=t)

    self.angle_offset, self.roll, self.active = np.degrees(self.x_initial[States.ANGLE_OFFSET].item()), 0.0, False
    self.avg_angle_offset = self.angle_offset

  def handle_log(self, t: float, which: str, msg: capnp._DynamicStructReader):
    if which == 'livePose':
      device_pose = Pose.from_live_pose(msg)
      calibrated_pose = self.calibrator.build_calibrated_pose(device_pose)

      yaw_rate, yaw_rate_std = calibrated_pose.angular_velocity.z, calibrated_pose.angular_velocity.z_std
      yaw_rate_valid = msg.angularVelocityDevice.valid
      yaw_rate_valid = yaw_rate_valid and 0 < yaw_rate_std < 10  # rad/s
      yaw_rate_valid = yaw_rate_valid and abs(yaw_rate) < 1  # rad/s
      if not yaw_rate_valid:
        # This is done to bound the yaw rate estimate when localizer values are invalid or calibrating
        yaw_rate, yaw_rate_std = 0.0, np.radians(10.0)
      self.observed_yaw_rate = yaw_rate

      localizer_roll, localizer_roll_std = device_pose.orientation.x, device_pose.orientation.x_std
      localizer_roll_std = np.radians(1) if np.isnan(localizer_roll_std) else localizer_roll_std
      roll_valid = (localizer_roll_std < ROLL_STD_MAX) and (ROLL_MIN < localizer_roll < ROLL_MAX) and msg.sensorsOK
      if roll_valid:
        roll = localizer_roll
        # Experimentally found multiplier of 2 to be best trade-off between stability and accuracy or similar?
        roll_std = 2 * localizer_roll_std
      else:
        # This is done to bound the road roll estimate when localizer values are invalid
        roll = 0.0
        roll_std = np.radians(10.0)
      self.observed_roll = np.clip(roll, self.observed_roll - ROLL_MAX_DELTA, self.observed_roll + ROLL_MAX_DELTA)

      if self.active:
        if msg.posenetOK:
          self.kf.predict_and_observe(t,
                                      ObservationKind.ROAD_FRAME_YAW_RATE,
                                      np.array([[-self.observed_yaw_rate]]),
                                      np.array([np.atleast_2d(yaw_rate_std**2)]))

          self.kf.predict_and_observe(t,
                                      ObservationKind.ROAD_ROLL,
                                      np.array([[self.observed_roll]]),
                                      np.array([np.atleast_2d(roll_std**2)]))
        self.kf.predict_and_observe(t, ObservationKind.ANGLE_OFFSET_FAST, np.array([[0]]))

        # We observe the current stiffness and steer ratio (with a high observation noise) to bound
        # the respective estimate STD. Otherwise the STDs keep increasing, causing rapid changes in the
        # states in longer routes (especially straight stretches).
        stiffness = float(self.kf.x[States.STIFFNESS].item())
        steer_ratio = float(self.kf.x[States.STEER_RATIO].item())
        self.kf.predict_and_observe(t, ObservationKind.STIFFNESS, np.array([[stiffness]]))
        self.kf.predict_and_observe(t, ObservationKind.STEER_RATIO, np.array([[steer_ratio]]))

    elif which == 'liveCalibration':
      self.calibrator.feed_live_calib(msg)

    elif which == 'carState':
      steering_angle = msg.steeringAngleDeg

      in_linear_region = abs(steering_angle) < 45
      self.observed_speed = msg.vEgo
      self.active = self.observed_speed > MIN_ACTIVE_SPEED and in_linear_region

      if self.active:
        self.kf.predict_and_observe(t, ObservationKind.STEER_ANGLE, np.array([[np.radians(steering_angle)]]))
        self.kf.predict_and_observe(t, ObservationKind.ROAD_FRAME_X_SPEED, np.array([[self.observed_speed]]))

    if not self.active:
      # Reset time when stopped so uncertainty doesn't grow
      self.kf.filter.set_filter_time(t)  # type: ignore
      self.kf.filter.reset_rewind()      # type: ignore

  def get_msg(self, valid: bool, debug: bool = False) -> capnp._DynamicStructBuilder:
    x = self.kf.x
    P = np.sqrt(self.kf.P.diagonal())
    if not np.all(np.isfinite(x)):
      cloudlog.error("NaN in liveParameters estimate. Resetting to default values")
      self.reset(self.kf.t)
      x = self.kf.x

    self.avg_angle_offset = np.clip(np.degrees(x[States.ANGLE_OFFSET].item()),
                                self.avg_angle_offset - MAX_ANGLE_OFFSET_DELTA, self.avg_angle_offset + MAX_ANGLE_OFFSET_DELTA)
    self.angle_offset = np.clip(np.degrees(x[States.ANGLE_OFFSET].item() + x[States.ANGLE_OFFSET_FAST].item()),
                        self.angle_offset - MAX_ANGLE_OFFSET_DELTA, self.angle_offset + MAX_ANGLE_OFFSET_DELTA)
    self.roll = np.clip(float(x[States.ROAD_ROLL].item()), self.roll - ROLL_MAX_DELTA, self.roll + ROLL_MAX_DELTA)
    roll_std = float(P[States.ROAD_ROLL].item())
    if self.active and self.observed_speed > LOW_ACTIVE_SPEED:
      # Account for the opposite signs of the yaw rates
      # At low speeds, bumping into a curb can cause the yaw rate to be very high
      sensors_valid = bool(abs(self.observed_speed * (x[States.YAW_RATE].item() + self.observed_yaw_rate)) < LATERAL_ACC_SENSOR_THRESHOLD)
    else:
      sensors_valid = True
    self.avg_offset_valid = check_valid_with_hysteresis(self.avg_offset_valid, self.avg_angle_offset, OFFSET_MAX, OFFSET_LOWERED_MAX)
    self.total_offset_valid = check_valid_with_hysteresis(self.total_offset_valid, self.angle_offset, OFFSET_MAX, OFFSET_LOWERED_MAX)
    self.roll_valid = check_valid_with_hysteresis(self.roll_valid, self.roll, ROLL_MAX, ROLL_LOWERED_MAX)

    msg = messaging.new_message('liveParameters')

    msg.valid = valid

    liveParameters = msg.liveParameters
    liveParameters.posenetValid = True
    liveParameters.sensorValid = sensors_valid
    liveParameters.steerRatio = float(x[States.STEER_RATIO].item())
    liveParameters.stiffnessFactor = float(x[States.STIFFNESS].item())
    liveParameters.roll = float(self.roll)
    liveParameters.angleOffsetAverageDeg = float(self.avg_angle_offset)
    liveParameters.angleOffsetDeg = float(self.angle_offset)
    liveParameters.steerRatioValid = self.min_sr <= liveParameters.steerRatio <= self.max_sr
    liveParameters.stiffnessFactorValid = 0.2 <= liveParameters.stiffnessFactor <= 5.0
    liveParameters.angleOffsetAverageValid = bool(self.avg_offset_valid)
    liveParameters.angleOffsetValid = bool(self.total_offset_valid)
    liveParameters.valid = all((
      liveParameters.angleOffsetAverageValid,
      liveParameters.angleOffsetValid ,
      self.roll_valid,
      roll_std < ROLL_STD_MAX,
      liveParameters.stiffnessFactorValid,
      liveParameters.steerRatioValid,
    ))
    liveParameters.steerRatioStd = float(P[States.STEER_RATIO].item())
    liveParameters.stiffnessFactorStd = float(P[States.STIFFNESS].item())
    liveParameters.angleOffsetAverageStd = float(P[States.ANGLE_OFFSET].item())
    liveParameters.angleOffsetFastStd = float(P[States.ANGLE_OFFSET_FAST].item())
    if debug:
      liveParameters.debugFilterState = log.LiveParametersData.FilterState.new_message()
      liveParameters.debugFilterState.value = x.tolist()
      liveParameters.debugFilterState.std = P.tolist()

    return msg


def check_valid_with_hysteresis(current_valid: bool, val: float, threshold: float, lowered_threshold: float):
  if current_valid:
    current_valid = abs(val) < threshold
  else:
    current_valid = abs(val) < lowered_threshold
  return current_valid


# TODO: Remove this function after few releases (added in 0.9.9)
def migrate_cached_vehicle_params_if_needed(params: Params):
  last_parameters_data_old = params.get("LiveParameters")
  last_parameters_data = params.get("LiveParametersV2")
  if last_parameters_data_old is None or last_parameters_data is not None:
    return

  try:
    last_parameters_dict = json.loads(last_parameters_data_old)
    last_parameters_msg = messaging.new_message('liveParameters')
    last_parameters_msg.liveParameters.valid = True
    last_parameters_msg.liveParameters.steerRatio = last_parameters_dict['steerRatio']
    last_parameters_msg.liveParameters.stiffnessFactor = last_parameters_dict['stiffnessFactor']
    last_parameters_msg.liveParameters.angleOffsetAverageDeg = last_parameters_dict['angleOffsetAverageDeg']
    params.put("LiveParametersV2", last_parameters_msg.to_bytes())
  except Exception as e:
    cloudlog.error(f"Failed to perform parameter migration: {e}")
    params.remove("LiveParameters")


def retrieve_initial_vehicle_params(params: Params, CP: car.CarParams, replay: bool, debug: bool):
  last_parameters_data = params.get("LiveParametersV2")
  last_carparams_data = params.get("CarParamsPrevRoute")

  steer_ratio, stiffness_factor, angle_offset_deg, p_initial = CP.steerRatio, 1.0, 0.0, None

  retrieve_success = False
  if last_parameters_data is not None and last_carparams_data is not None:
    try:
      with log.Event.from_bytes(last_parameters_data) as last_lp_msg, car.CarParams.from_bytes(last_carparams_data) as last_CP:
        lp = last_lp_msg.liveParameters
        # Check if car model matches
        if last_CP.carFingerprint != CP.carFingerprint:
          raise Exception("Car model mismatch")

        # Check if starting values are sane
        min_sr, max_sr = 0.5 * CP.steerRatio, 2.0 * CP.steerRatio
        steer_ratio_sane = min_sr <= lp.steerRatio <= max_sr
        if not steer_ratio_sane:
          raise Exception(f"Invalid starting values found {lp}")

        initial_filter_std = np.array(lp.debugFilterState.std)
        if debug and len(initial_filter_std) != 0:
          p_initial = np.diag(initial_filter_std)

        steer_ratio, stiffness_factor, angle_offset_deg = lp.steerRatio, lp.stiffnessFactor, lp.angleOffsetAverageDeg
        retrieve_success = True
    except Exception as e:
      cloudlog.error(f"Failed to retrieve initial values: {e}")

  if not replay:
    # When driving in wet conditions the stiffness can go down, and then be too low on the next drive
    # Without a way to detect this we have to reset the stiffness every drive
    stiffness_factor = 1.0

  if not retrieve_success:
    cloudlog.info("Parameter learner resetting to default values")

  return steer_ratio, stiffness_factor, angle_offset_deg, p_initial


def main():
  config_realtime_process([0, 1, 2, 3], 5)

  DEBUG = bool(int(os.getenv("DEBUG", "0")))
  REPLAY = bool(int(os.getenv("REPLAY", "0")))

  pm = messaging.PubMaster(['liveParameters'])
  sm = messaging.SubMaster(['livePose', 'liveCalibration', 'carState'], poll='livePose')

  params = Params()
  CP = messaging.log_from_bytes(params.get("CarParams", block=True), car.CarParams)

  migrate_cached_vehicle_params_if_needed(params)

  steer_ratio, stiffness_factor, angle_offset_deg, pInitial = retrieve_initial_vehicle_params(params, CP, REPLAY, DEBUG)
  learner = VehicleParamsLearner(CP, steer_ratio, stiffness_factor, np.radians(angle_offset_deg), pInitial)

  while True:
    sm.update()
    if sm.all_checks():
      for which in sorted(sm.updated.keys(), key=lambda x: sm.logMonoTime[x]):
        if sm.updated[which]:
          t = sm.logMonoTime[which] * 1e-9
          learner.handle_log(t, which, sm[which])

    if sm.updated['livePose']:
      msg = learner.get_msg(sm.all_checks(), debug=DEBUG)

      msg_dat = msg.to_bytes()
      if sm.frame % 1200 == 0:  # once a minute
        params.put_nonblocking("LiveParametersV2", msg_dat)

      pm.send('liveParameters', msg_dat)


if __name__ == "__main__":
  main()