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				| '\" t
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| .\"     Title: zmsg
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| .\"    Author: [see the "AUTHORS" section]
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| .\" Generator: DocBook XSL Stylesheets v1.76.1 <http://docbook.sf.net/>
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| .\"      Date: 12/31/2016
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| .\"    Manual: CZMQ Manual
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| .\"    Source: CZMQ 4.0.2
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| .\"  Language: English
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| .\"
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| .TH "ZMSG" "3" "12/31/2016" "CZMQ 4\&.0\&.2" "CZMQ Manual"
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| .\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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| .\" * Define some portability stuff
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| .\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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| .\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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| .\" http://bugs.debian.org/507673
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| .\" http://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/groff/2009-02/msg00013.html
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| .\" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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| .ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq
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| .el       .ds Aq '
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| .\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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| .\" * set default formatting
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| .\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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| .\" disable hyphenation
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| .nh
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| .\" disable justification (adjust text to left margin only)
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| .ad l
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| .\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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| .\" * MAIN CONTENT STARTS HERE *
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| .\" -----------------------------------------------------------------
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| .SH "NAME"
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| zmsg \- working with multipart messages
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| .SH "SYNOPSIS"
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| .sp
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| .nf
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| //  This is a stable class, and may not change except for emergencies\&. It
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| //  is provided in stable builds\&.
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| //  This class has draft methods, which may change over time\&. They are not
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| //  in stable releases, by default\&. Use \-\-enable\-drafts to enable\&.
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| //  Create a new empty message object
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| CZMQ_EXPORT zmsg_t *
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|     zmsg_new (void);
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| 
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| //  Receive message from socket, returns zmsg_t object or NULL if the recv
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| //  was interrupted\&. Does a blocking recv\&. If you want to not block then use
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| //  the zloop class or zmsg_recv_nowait or zmq_poll to check for socket input
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| //  before receiving\&.
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| CZMQ_EXPORT zmsg_t *
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|     zmsg_recv (void *source);
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| 
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| //  Load/append an open file into new message, return the message\&.
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| //  Returns NULL if the message could not be loaded\&.
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| CZMQ_EXPORT zmsg_t *
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|     zmsg_load (FILE *file);
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| 
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| //  Decodes a serialized message frame created by zmsg_encode () and returns
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| //  a new zmsg_t object\&. Returns NULL if the frame was badly formatted or
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| //  there was insufficient memory to work\&.
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| CZMQ_EXPORT zmsg_t *
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|     zmsg_decode (zframe_t *frame);
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| 
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| //  Generate a signal message encoding the given status\&. A signal is a short
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| //  message carrying a 1\-byte success/failure code (by convention, 0 means
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| //  OK)\&. Signals are encoded to be distinguishable from "normal" messages\&.
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| CZMQ_EXPORT zmsg_t *
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|     zmsg_new_signal (byte status);
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| 
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| //  Destroy a message object and all frames it contains
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| CZMQ_EXPORT void
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|     zmsg_destroy (zmsg_t **self_p);
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| 
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| //  Send message to destination socket, and destroy the message after sending
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| //  it successfully\&. If the message has no frames, sends nothing but destroys
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| //  the message anyhow\&. Nullifies the caller\*(Aqs reference to the message (as
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| //  it is a destructor)\&.
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| CZMQ_EXPORT int
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|     zmsg_send (zmsg_t **self_p, void *dest);
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| 
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| //  Send message to destination socket as part of a multipart sequence, and
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| //  destroy the message after sending it successfully\&. Note that after a
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| //  zmsg_sendm, you must call zmsg_send or another method that sends a final
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| //  message part\&. If the message has no frames, sends nothing but destroys
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| //  the message anyhow\&. Nullifies the caller\*(Aqs reference to the message (as
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| //  it is a destructor)\&.
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| CZMQ_EXPORT int
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|     zmsg_sendm (zmsg_t **self_p, void *dest);
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| 
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| //  Return size of message, i\&.e\&. number of frames (0 or more)\&.
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| CZMQ_EXPORT size_t
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|     zmsg_size (zmsg_t *self);
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| 
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| //  Return total size of all frames in message\&.
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| CZMQ_EXPORT size_t
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|     zmsg_content_size (zmsg_t *self);
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| 
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| //  Push frame to the front of the message, i\&.e\&. before all other frames\&.
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| //  Message takes ownership of frame, will destroy it when message is sent\&.
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| //  Returns 0 on success, \-1 on error\&. Deprecates zmsg_push, which did not
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| //  nullify the caller\*(Aqs frame reference\&.
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| CZMQ_EXPORT int
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|     zmsg_prepend (zmsg_t *self, zframe_t **frame_p);
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| 
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| //  Add frame to the end of the message, i\&.e\&. after all other frames\&.
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| //  Message takes ownership of frame, will destroy it when message is sent\&.
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| //  Returns 0 on success\&. Deprecates zmsg_add, which did not nullify the
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| //  caller\*(Aqs frame reference\&.
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| CZMQ_EXPORT int
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|     zmsg_append (zmsg_t *self, zframe_t **frame_p);
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| 
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| //  Remove first frame from message, if any\&. Returns frame, or NULL\&.
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| //  Caller owns return value and must destroy it when done\&.
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| CZMQ_EXPORT zframe_t *
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|     zmsg_pop (zmsg_t *self);
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| 
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| //  Push block of memory to front of message, as a new frame\&.
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| //  Returns 0 on success, \-1 on error\&.
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| CZMQ_EXPORT int
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|     zmsg_pushmem (zmsg_t *self, const void *data, size_t size);
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| 
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| //  Add block of memory to the end of the message, as a new frame\&.
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| //  Returns 0 on success, \-1 on error\&.
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| CZMQ_EXPORT int
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|     zmsg_addmem (zmsg_t *self, const void *data, size_t size);
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| 
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| //  Push string as new frame to front of message\&.
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| //  Returns 0 on success, \-1 on error\&.
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| CZMQ_EXPORT int
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|     zmsg_pushstr (zmsg_t *self, const char *string);
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| 
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| //  Push string as new frame to end of message\&.
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| //  Returns 0 on success, \-1 on error\&.
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| CZMQ_EXPORT int
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|     zmsg_addstr (zmsg_t *self, const char *string);
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| 
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| //  Push formatted string as new frame to front of message\&.
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| //  Returns 0 on success, \-1 on error\&.
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| CZMQ_EXPORT int
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|     zmsg_pushstrf (zmsg_t *self, const char *format, \&.\&.\&.) CHECK_PRINTF (2);
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| 
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| //  Push formatted string as new frame to end of message\&.
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| //  Returns 0 on success, \-1 on error\&.
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| CZMQ_EXPORT int
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|     zmsg_addstrf (zmsg_t *self, const char *format, \&.\&.\&.) CHECK_PRINTF (2);
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| 
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| //  Pop frame off front of message, return as fresh string\&. If there were
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| //  no more frames in the message, returns NULL\&.
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| //  Caller owns return value and must destroy it when done\&.
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| CZMQ_EXPORT char *
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|     zmsg_popstr (zmsg_t *self);
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| 
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| //  Push encoded message as a new frame\&. Message takes ownership of
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| //  submessage, so the original is destroyed in this call\&. Returns 0 on
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| //  success, \-1 on error\&.
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| CZMQ_EXPORT int
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|     zmsg_addmsg (zmsg_t *self, zmsg_t **msg_p);
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| 
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| //  Remove first submessage from message, if any\&. Returns zmsg_t, or NULL if
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| //  decoding was not successful\&.
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| //  Caller owns return value and must destroy it when done\&.
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| CZMQ_EXPORT zmsg_t *
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|     zmsg_popmsg (zmsg_t *self);
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| 
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| //  Remove specified frame from list, if present\&. Does not destroy frame\&.
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| CZMQ_EXPORT void
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|     zmsg_remove (zmsg_t *self, zframe_t *frame);
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| 
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| //  Set cursor to first frame in message\&. Returns frame, or NULL, if the
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| //  message is empty\&. Use this to navigate the frames as a list\&.
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| CZMQ_EXPORT zframe_t *
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|     zmsg_first (zmsg_t *self);
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| 
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| //  Return the next frame\&. If there are no more frames, returns NULL\&. To move
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| //  to the first frame call zmsg_first()\&. Advances the cursor\&.
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| CZMQ_EXPORT zframe_t *
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|     zmsg_next (zmsg_t *self);
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| 
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| //  Return the last frame\&. If there are no frames, returns NULL\&.
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| CZMQ_EXPORT zframe_t *
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|     zmsg_last (zmsg_t *self);
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| 
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| //  Save message to an open file, return 0 if OK, else \-1\&. The message is
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| //  saved as a series of frames, each with length and data\&. Note that the
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| //  file is NOT guaranteed to be portable between operating systems, not
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| //  versions of CZMQ\&. The file format is at present undocumented and liable
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| //  to arbitrary change\&.
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| CZMQ_EXPORT int
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|     zmsg_save (zmsg_t *self, FILE *file);
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| 
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| //  Serialize multipart message to a single message frame\&. Use this method
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| //  to send structured messages across transports that do not support
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| //  multipart data\&. Allocates and returns a new frame containing the
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| //  serialized message\&. To decode a serialized message frame, use
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| //  zmsg_decode ()\&.
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| //  Caller owns return value and must destroy it when done\&.
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| CZMQ_EXPORT zframe_t *
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|     zmsg_encode (zmsg_t *self);
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| 
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| //  Create copy of message, as new message object\&. Returns a fresh zmsg_t
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| //  object\&. If message is null, or memory was exhausted, returns null\&.
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| //  Caller owns return value and must destroy it when done\&.
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| CZMQ_EXPORT zmsg_t *
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|     zmsg_dup (zmsg_t *self);
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| 
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| //  Send message to zsys log sink (may be stdout, or system facility as
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| //  configured by zsys_set_logstream)\&.
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| CZMQ_EXPORT void
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|     zmsg_print (zmsg_t *self);
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| 
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| //  Return true if the two messages have the same number of frames and each
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| //  frame in the first message is identical to the corresponding frame in the
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| //  other message\&. As with zframe_eq, return false if either message is NULL\&.
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| CZMQ_EXPORT bool
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|     zmsg_eq (zmsg_t *self, zmsg_t *other);
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| 
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| //  Return signal value, 0 or greater, if message is a signal, \-1 if not\&.
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| CZMQ_EXPORT int
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|     zmsg_signal (zmsg_t *self);
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| 
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| //  Probe the supplied object, and report if it looks like a zmsg_t\&.
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| CZMQ_EXPORT bool
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|     zmsg_is (void *self);
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| 
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| //  Self test of this class\&.
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| CZMQ_EXPORT void
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|     zmsg_test (bool verbose);
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| 
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| #ifdef CZMQ_BUILD_DRAFT_API
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| //  *** Draft method, for development use, may change without warning ***
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| //  Return message routing ID, if the message came from a ZMQ_SERVER socket\&.
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| //  Else returns zero\&.
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| CZMQ_EXPORT uint32_t
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|     zmsg_routing_id (zmsg_t *self);
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| 
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| //  *** Draft method, for development use, may change without warning ***
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| //  Set routing ID on message\&. This is used if/when the message is sent to a
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| //  ZMQ_SERVER socket\&.
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| CZMQ_EXPORT void
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|     zmsg_set_routing_id (zmsg_t *self, uint32_t routing_id);
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| 
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| #endif // CZMQ_BUILD_DRAFT_API
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| Please add \*(Aq@interface\*(Aq section in \*(Aq\&./\&.\&./src/zmsg\&.c\*(Aq\&.
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| .fi
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| .SH "DESCRIPTION"
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| .sp
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| The zmsg class provides methods to send and receive multipart messages across 0MQ sockets\&. This class provides a list\-like container interface, with methods to work with the overall container\&. zmsg_t messages are composed of zero or more zframe_t frames\&.
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| .sp
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| Please add \fI@discuss\fR section in \fI\&./\&.\&./src/zmsg\&.c\fR\&.
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| .SH "EXAMPLE"
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| .PP
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| \fBFrom zmsg_test method\fR. 
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| .sp
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| .if n \{\
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| .RS 4
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| .\}
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| .nf
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| //  Create two PAIR sockets and connect over inproc
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| zsock_t *output = zsock_new_pair ("@inproc://zmsg\&.test");
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| assert (output);
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| zsock_t *input = zsock_new_pair (">inproc://zmsg\&.test");
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| assert (input);
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| 
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| //  Test send and receive of single\-frame message
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| zmsg_t *msg = zmsg_new ();
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| assert (msg);
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| zframe_t *frame = zframe_new ("Hello", 5);
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| assert (frame);
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| zmsg_prepend (msg, &frame);
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| assert (zmsg_size (msg) == 1);
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| assert (zmsg_content_size (msg) == 5);
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| rc = zmsg_send (&msg, output);
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| assert (msg == NULL);
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| assert (rc == 0);
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| 
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| msg = zmsg_recv (input);
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| assert (msg);
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| assert (zmsg_size (msg) == 1);
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| assert (zmsg_content_size (msg) == 5);
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| zmsg_destroy (&msg);
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| 
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| //  Test send and receive of multi\-frame message
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| msg = zmsg_new ();
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| assert (msg);
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| rc = zmsg_addmem (msg, "Frame0", 6);
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| assert (rc == 0);
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| rc = zmsg_addmem (msg, "Frame1", 6);
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| assert (rc == 0);
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| rc = zmsg_addmem (msg, "Frame2", 6);
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| assert (rc == 0);
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| rc = zmsg_addmem (msg, "Frame3", 6);
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| assert (rc == 0);
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| rc = zmsg_addmem (msg, "Frame4", 6);
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| assert (rc == 0);
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| rc = zmsg_addmem (msg, "Frame5", 6);
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| assert (rc == 0);
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| rc = zmsg_addmem (msg, "Frame6", 6);
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| assert (rc == 0);
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| rc = zmsg_addmem (msg, "Frame7", 6);
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| assert (rc == 0);
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| rc = zmsg_addmem (msg, "Frame8", 6);
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| assert (rc == 0);
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| rc = zmsg_addmem (msg, "Frame9", 6);
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| assert (rc == 0);
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| zmsg_t *copy = zmsg_dup (msg);
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| assert (copy);
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| rc = zmsg_send (©, output);
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| assert (rc == 0);
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| rc = zmsg_send (&msg, output);
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| assert (rc == 0);
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| 
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| copy = zmsg_recv (input);
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| assert (copy);
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| assert (zmsg_size (copy) == 10);
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| assert (zmsg_content_size (copy) == 60);
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| zmsg_destroy (©);
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| 
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| msg = zmsg_recv (input);
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| assert (msg);
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| assert (zmsg_size (msg) == 10);
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| assert (zmsg_content_size (msg) == 60);
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| 
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| //  Save to a file, read back
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| FILE *file = fopen ("zmsg\&.test", "w");
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| assert (file);
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| rc = zmsg_save (msg, file);
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| assert (rc == 0);
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| fclose (file);
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| 
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| file = fopen ("zmsg\&.test", "r");
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| rc = zmsg_save (msg, file);
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| assert (rc == \-1);
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| fclose (file);
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| zmsg_destroy (&msg);
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| 
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| file = fopen ("zmsg\&.test", "r");
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| msg = zmsg_load (file);
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| assert (msg);
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| fclose (file);
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| remove ("zmsg\&.test");
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| assert (zmsg_size (msg) == 10);
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| assert (zmsg_content_size (msg) == 60);
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| 
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| //  Remove all frames except first and last
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| int frame_nbr;
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| for (frame_nbr = 0; frame_nbr < 8; frame_nbr++) {
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|     zmsg_first (msg);
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|     frame = zmsg_next (msg);
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|     zmsg_remove (msg, frame);
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|     zframe_destroy (&frame);
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| }
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| //  Test message frame manipulation
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| assert (zmsg_size (msg) == 2);
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| frame = zmsg_last (msg);
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| assert (zframe_streq (frame, "Frame9"));
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| assert (zmsg_content_size (msg) == 12);
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| frame = zframe_new ("Address", 7);
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| assert (frame);
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| zmsg_prepend (msg, &frame);
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| assert (zmsg_size (msg) == 3);
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| rc = zmsg_addstr (msg, "Body");
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| assert (rc == 0);
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| assert (zmsg_size (msg) == 4);
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| frame = zmsg_pop (msg);
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| zframe_destroy (&frame);
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| assert (zmsg_size (msg) == 3);
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| char *body = zmsg_popstr (msg);
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| assert (streq (body, "Frame0"));
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| free (body);
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| zmsg_destroy (&msg);
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| 
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| //  Test encoding/decoding
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| msg = zmsg_new ();
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| assert (msg);
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| byte *blank = (byte *) zmalloc (100000);
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| assert (blank);
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| rc = zmsg_addmem (msg, blank, 0);
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| assert (rc == 0);
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| rc = zmsg_addmem (msg, blank, 1);
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| assert (rc == 0);
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| rc = zmsg_addmem (msg, blank, 253);
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| assert (rc == 0);
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| rc = zmsg_addmem (msg, blank, 254);
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| assert (rc == 0);
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| rc = zmsg_addmem (msg, blank, 255);
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| assert (rc == 0);
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| rc = zmsg_addmem (msg, blank, 256);
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| assert (rc == 0);
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| rc = zmsg_addmem (msg, blank, 65535);
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| assert (rc == 0);
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| rc = zmsg_addmem (msg, blank, 65536);
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| assert (rc == 0);
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| rc = zmsg_addmem (msg, blank, 65537);
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| assert (rc == 0);
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| free (blank);
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| assert (zmsg_size (msg) == 9);
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| frame = zmsg_encode (msg);
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| zmsg_destroy (&msg);
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| msg = zmsg_decode (frame);
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| assert (msg);
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| zmsg_destroy (&msg);
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| zframe_destroy (&frame);
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| 
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| //  Test submessages
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| msg = zmsg_new ();
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| assert (msg);
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| zmsg_t *submsg = zmsg_new ();
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| zmsg_pushstr (msg, "matr");
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| zmsg_pushstr (submsg, "joska");
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| rc = zmsg_addmsg (msg, &submsg);
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| assert (rc == 0);
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| assert (submsg == NULL);
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| submsg = zmsg_popmsg (msg);
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| assert (submsg == NULL);   // string "matr" is not encoded zmsg_t, so was discarded
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| submsg = zmsg_popmsg (msg);
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| assert (submsg);
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| body = zmsg_popstr (submsg);
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| assert (streq (body, "joska"));
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| free (body);
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| zmsg_destroy (&submsg);
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| frame = zmsg_pop (msg);
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| assert (frame == NULL);
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| zmsg_destroy (&msg);
 | |
| 
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| //  Test comparison of two messages
 | |
| msg = zmsg_new ();
 | |
| zmsg_addstr (msg, "One");
 | |
| zmsg_addstr (msg, "Two");
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| zmsg_addstr (msg, "Three");
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| zmsg_t *msg_other = zmsg_new ();
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| zmsg_addstr (msg_other, "One");
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| zmsg_addstr (msg_other, "Two");
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| zmsg_addstr (msg_other, "One\-Hundred");
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| zmsg_t *msg_dup = zmsg_dup (msg);
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| zmsg_t *empty_msg = zmsg_new ();
 | |
| zmsg_t *empty_msg_2 = zmsg_new ();
 | |
| assert (zmsg_eq (msg, msg_dup));
 | |
| assert (!zmsg_eq (msg, msg_other));
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| assert (zmsg_eq (empty_msg, empty_msg_2));
 | |
| assert (!zmsg_eq (msg, NULL));
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| assert (!zmsg_eq (NULL, empty_msg));
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| assert (!zmsg_eq (NULL, NULL));
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| zmsg_destroy (&msg);
 | |
| zmsg_destroy (&msg_other);
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| zmsg_destroy (&msg_dup);
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| zmsg_destroy (&empty_msg);
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| zmsg_destroy (&empty_msg_2);
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| 
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| //  Test signal messages
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| msg = zmsg_new_signal (0);
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| assert (zmsg_signal (msg) == 0);
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| zmsg_destroy (&msg);
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| msg = zmsg_new_signal (\-1);
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| assert (zmsg_signal (msg) == 255);
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| zmsg_destroy (&msg);
 | |
| 
 | |
| //  Now try methods on an empty message
 | |
| msg = zmsg_new ();
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| assert (msg);
 | |
| assert (zmsg_size (msg) == 0);
 | |
| assert (zmsg_unwrap (msg) == NULL);
 | |
| assert (zmsg_first (msg) == NULL);
 | |
| assert (zmsg_last (msg) == NULL);
 | |
| assert (zmsg_next (msg) == NULL);
 | |
| assert (zmsg_pop (msg) == NULL);
 | |
| //  Sending an empty message is valid and destroys the message
 | |
| assert (zmsg_send (&msg, output) == 0);
 | |
| assert (!msg);
 | |
| 
 | |
| zsock_destroy (&input);
 | |
| zsock_destroy (&output);
 | |
| 
 | |
| #if defined (ZMQ_SERVER)
 | |
| //  Create server and client sockets and connect over inproc
 | |
| zsock_t *server = zsock_new_server ("inproc://zmsg\-test\-routing");
 | |
| assert (server);
 | |
| zsock_t *client = zsock_new_client ("inproc://zmsg\-test\-routing");
 | |
| assert (client);
 | |
| 
 | |
| //  Send request from client to server
 | |
| zmsg_t *request = zmsg_new ();
 | |
| assert (request);
 | |
| zmsg_addstr (request, "Hello");
 | |
| rc = zmsg_send (&request, client);
 | |
| assert (rc == 0);
 | |
| assert (!request);
 | |
| 
 | |
| //  Read request and send reply
 | |
| request = zmsg_recv (server);
 | |
| assert (request);
 | |
| char *string = zmsg_popstr (request);
 | |
| assert (streq (string, "Hello"));
 | |
| assert (zmsg_routing_id (request));
 | |
| zstr_free (&string);
 | |
| 
 | |
| zmsg_t *reply = zmsg_new ();
 | |
| assert (reply);
 | |
| zmsg_addstr (reply, "World");
 | |
| zmsg_set_routing_id (reply, zmsg_routing_id (request));
 | |
| rc = zmsg_send (&reply, server);
 | |
| assert (rc == 0);
 | |
| zmsg_destroy (&request);
 | |
| 
 | |
| //  Read reply
 | |
| reply = zmsg_recv (client);
 | |
| string = zmsg_popstr (reply);
 | |
| assert (streq (string, "World"));
 | |
| assert (zmsg_routing_id (reply) == 0);
 | |
| zmsg_destroy (&reply);
 | |
| zstr_free (&string);
 | |
| 
 | |
| //  Client and server disallow multipart
 | |
| msg = zmsg_new ();
 | |
| zmsg_addstr (msg, "One");
 | |
| zmsg_addstr (msg, "Two");
 | |
| rc = zmsg_send (&msg, client);
 | |
| assert (rc == \-1);
 | |
| assert (zmsg_size (msg) == 2);
 | |
| rc = zmsg_send (&msg, server);
 | |
| assert (rc == \-1);
 | |
| assert (zmsg_size (msg) == 2);
 | |
| zmsg_destroy (&msg);
 | |
| 
 | |
| zsock_destroy (&client);
 | |
| zsock_destroy (&server);
 | |
| #endif
 | |
| .fi
 | |
| .if n \{\
 | |
| .RE
 | |
| .\}
 | |
| .sp
 | |
| .SH "AUTHORS"
 | |
| .sp
 | |
| The czmq manual was written by the authors in the AUTHORS file\&.
 | |
| .SH "RESOURCES"
 | |
| .sp
 | |
| Main web site: \m[blue]\fB\%\fR\m[]
 | |
| .sp
 | |
| Report bugs to the email <\m[blue]\fBzeromq\-dev@lists\&.zeromq\&.org\fR\m[]\&\s-2\u[1]\d\s+2>
 | |
| .SH "COPYRIGHT"
 | |
| .sp
 | |
| Copyright (c) the Contributors as noted in the AUTHORS file\&. This file is part of CZMQ, the high\-level C binding for 0MQ: http://czmq\&.zeromq\&.org\&. This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public License, v\&. 2\&.0\&. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla\&.org/MPL/2\&.0/\&. LICENSE included with the czmq distribution\&.
 | |
| .SH "NOTES"
 | |
| .IP " 1." 4
 | |
| zeromq-dev@lists.zeromq.org
 | |
| .RS 4
 | |
| \%mailto:zeromq-dev@lists.zeromq.org
 | |
| .RE
 | |
| 
 |